History of fair trade: trade against injustice
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Posted On :
Feb-25-2011
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Article Word Count :
788
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The history of the trade.Philosophical movement after the war, and ideological and political in the sixties, ending the economic, social and environmental since the ninety, fair trade is born
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Everyone knows today the term fair trade, saw and/or purchased products labeled as well. But how did this new type of trading?
Philosophical movement after the war, and ideological and political in the sixties, ending the economic, social and environmental since the ninety, fair trade is born of a realization: handicrafts have few opportunities, there is no circuit of large-scale distribution and small producers in poor countries do not live decently, despite working in sometimes inhumane.
Putting words on ideas
In 1968, following the Second Conference of UNCTAD (UN Conference for Cooperation and Development) appears the formulation of "Fair Trade". But if the term did not exist, the concept, it had found its origin much earlier. We could go back to Voltaire: "This is the price that you eat sugar in Europe," said the black slave amputee to Candide, who outraged his livelihood. And even Aristotle in Nicomachean Ethics: " the fair, while being fair, not just by law, but a correction of legal justice. The reason is that the law is always something general and there are case where it is not possible to make a general statement "
It is clear that the idea is not new ... But it was not until 1860 that the novel Dekker, Max Havelaar (whose name later became an international label), which lambasted the trade inequalities between the Netherlands Netherlands and Indonesia, have a catalytic impact on public opinion and triggers the onset of a progressive political ethics.
Originally, religious and humanist movement
After the Second World War, the churches (mostly Protestant) stood up for the excluded, and has held the first conference of UNCTAD. Ten Thousand Villages, American Association, an activist and sells handicrafts Haitian, Puerto Rican and Palestinian. In 1954, the day see the Self-Help Association (protect and contribute to the economy of third world producers) still in the U.S...
In the late fifties, the British NGO Oxfam develops the idea of selling products made by artisans in trouble in the third world by ensuring a regular income. In 1957, young Catholics are creating, in the southern Netherlands, an association for import from third world.
In the 60 - 80, the movement becomes ideological
The policy is involved. European Left activists rebelled against the liberal system and want to change the functioning of the economy by fighting against the exploitation of the proletariat. Local initiatives are proliferating.
Then, the opening of the first fair trade shop in the Netherlands sign the start of a true international mobilization. In 1971 took place the creation of Jute Works at (Bangladesh), the first major fair trade cooperative. In 1974, the arrival of Artisans du Monde in France. In 1988, is the Max Havelaar label.
The development of ethical investment
The 90s, a movement more consensual. In 1992 the international conference in Rio on sustainable development sets out objectives over the long term. Must be associated with globalization development-friendly global economic, but social and environmental. The public starts to feel really concerned. Companies and institutions becoming part of the process.
In 1997 the group has held three international labels (Max Havelaar, TransFair and Fairtrade) by FLO (Fair Trade Labelling Organisation). It is also the year of the creation of IFAT (International Federation of Alternative Trade).
In 1998, organizations FLO, IFAT, NEWS and EFTA form a lobby (FINE) to increase their capacity to promote Fairtrade. The same year witnessed the creation of the French Platform of Fairtrade and the introduction of first products in supermarkets under the label Max Havelaar.
The 2000s affecting large circuits
After the conference in Johannesburg on Sustainable Development held the launch of Alter Eco, first brand of fair trade for the circuits of medium and large retailers. New brands are emerging cross (Lobodis, Ethics) and references appear labeled in large brands (Leclerc, Auchan, Casino, Monoprix).
In 2006, over one million families enjoyed the benefits of over one billion euros in sales worldwide. IFAT now has over 330 members in 70 countries. According Artisans du Monde, 241 million euros were generated by trade fair in France in 2007.
From Laura T. Raynolds, (Center for Fair and Alternative Trade Studies) Courier interviewed for the Planet in June 2009: "The sale of Fair Trade products has now reached 2 billion euros worldwide, with annual growth of 42%. The U.S. and the UK dominate the market in cash between them more than half of total sales. Today there are more than 600 producer groups certified by FLO in Latin America, Africa and Asia. "A business! "
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Article Source :
http://www.articleseen.com/Article_History of fair trade: trade against injustice_53974.aspx
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Keywords :
History of fair trade,
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Business
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